1. ‘WHO’ AIR POLLUTION STANDARDS
The World Health Organization (WHO), in its first-ever update since 2005, has tightened global air pollution standards in recognition of the emerging science that the impact of air pollution on health is much more serious than earlier envisaged.
About:
- The upper limit of annual PM2.5 as per the 2005 standards, which is what countries now follow, is 10 micrograms per cubic metre. That has now been revised to five micrograms per cubic metre.
- The 24-hour ceiling used to be 25 micrograms but has now dropped to 15.
- The upper limit of PM10, or particulate matter of size exceeding 10 micrograms, is 20 micrograms and has now been revised to 15, whereas the 24-hour value has been revised from 50 to 45 micrograms.
- The new guidelines meant that among 100 global cities, Delhi’s annual PM2.5 trends in 2020 was 16.8 times more than the WHO’s revised air quality guidelines, while Mumbai’s exceeded eight-fold, Kolkata’s 9.4, Chennai’s 5.4, Hyderabad’s 7 and Ahmedabad’s 9.8.
- Every year, exposure to air pollution is estimated to cause 7 million premature deaths and result in the loss of millions more healthy years of life.
Source: The Hindu
2. ASSAM-MIZORAM DISPUTE
The government and people of Mizoram have been encroaching upon the land in Assam along the 164.6-km interstate boundary since 1980, an Assam Forest Department report has alleged.
About:
- At the heart of the land conflict between the two northeastern States is the 1,318-sq.km Inner Line Reserve Forest along the boundary.
- According to the report, the boundary was notified on March 9, 1933, which clearly defines “Inner Line” as the district boundary of the Lushai Hills. A district of undivided Assam, Lushai Hills became Mizoram, first as a Union Territory in 1972 and a State in 1987.
- Mizoram has rejected the 1933 demarcation of the interstate boundary. The State recognises a regulation in 1873 that “includes areas wrongfully tagged with Assam” in 1933.
Important Info :
Disputed Areas
- The major portion of the boundary between Assam and Mizoram runs along natural features like rivers, streams and watersheds. Only two portions of the boundary, from Chattachura Peak to Longai and from Rukni river to Dholai river, do not follow definite natural features.
- Incidents of encroachment in both Singla and Longai were recorded in November 1985. The “government of Mizoram” has continued to control areas under Longai Reserve Forest.
- Similarly, in the Hailakandi division of the Assam Forest Department, an encroachment of about 1,000 hectares of forest land by Mizoram at two different locations — 425 hectares at Kachurtal and 575 hectares at Dholcherra — have been recorded.
Source: The Hindu
3. HILSA FISH
The government of Bangladesh has given permission to 52 trading organisations to export Hilsa fish to India on the occasion of the Durga Puja.
About:
- The Ministry of Commerce in a circular issued on Monday, allowed each organisation to export a maximum of 40 tonnes of Hilsa to India. The permission will remain effective till October 10.
- The Government of Bangladesh has been giving special permission for the export of Hilsa to India for the last few years as a token of friendship, though the export of Hilsa was banned in the country in 2012.
- Last year, Bangladesh exported more than 1450 MT of Hilsa to India while the quantity of export was 500 MT in 2019.
- Hilsa fish is considered a great delicacy. The demand for the fish during Durga Puja is extremely high in states like West Bengal as the quality of ‘Padmar Ilish’ or Hilsa fish from the Padma river in Bangladesh is considered of superior quality.
- Bangladesh produces almost 75 percent of the world’s Hilsa output.
Source: All India Radio
4. 2021 CHANGEMAKER AWARD
Fairooz Faizah Beether of Bangladesh has been chosen for the 2021 Changemaker Award for her work promoting good health and well-being by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
About:
- The Award celebrates an individual who has inspired change using personal experience or from a position of leadership.
- Fairooz Faizah is co-founder of Moner School which is an anonymous online platform active in the field of mental health.
- The Changemaker Award is part of the Goalkeepers Global Goals award instituted by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to accelerate progress towards attaining the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the UN.
- The Goalkeepers is the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation’s campaign to accelerate progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) announced by the UN in 2015 to achieve the objectives of ending poverty, fighting inequality and injustice and fixing climate change.
Source: All India Radio
5. CSIR-CMERI DEVELOPED A SOLAR DC COOKING SYSTEM
CSIR-CMERI handed over the CSIR-CMERI developed Solar DC Cooking System to the Asansol Braille Academy, West Bengal.
About:
- The CSIR-CMERI developed Solar DC Cooking System is a Solar Energy based Cooking System that consists of a solar PV panel, charge controller, battery bank and cooking oven.
- The technology provides a Clean Cooking Environment, Invertor-Less Direct Operation, Fast and Uniform Heating and the potential to save 1 ton Carbon Dioxide emissions year/household.
- It has 20-25% better efficiency and is more Economical in comparison with Conventional Solar based Cooking Systems which loses efficiency owing to AC-DC conversion.
- This System will help in the substantial curbing of Carbon Dioxide emissions; as even LPG usage emits Carbon Dioxide.
- The Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute (also known as CSIR-CMERI Durgapur or CMERI Durgapur) is a public engineering research and development institution in Durgapur, West Bengal. It is a constituent laboratory of the Indian Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR).
Source: PIB
6. SIGN LANGUAGE
The New Delhi- based Indian Sign Language Research and Training Centre (ISLRTC), an autonomous body within the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (Divyangjan) under the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, will be celebrating ‘Sign Language Day’ on September 23, 2021.
About:
- Ever since the United Nations declared 23rd September as the International Sign Language Day, the ISLRTC has celebrated it every year.
- Sign language not only plays an important role in educating people but also is vital in creating employment and vocational training for persons with hearing disabilities.
Do you know?
- ISLRTC signed an MoU with the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) on 06th October 2020 for converting NCERT textbooks from Class I to XII into Indian Sign Language (digital format) to make the textbooks accessible to children with hearing disabilities.
- The first phase of the project for the conversion of Class I to V textbooks has been completed and e-Content thereof will be launched during the program.
Source: PIB
7. INDIA – UAE CEPA
India and UAE’s Commerce Minister have formally launched negotiations on the India-United Arab Emirates Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA).
About:
- The first round of CEPA negotiations will be held on 23-24 September 2021.
- CEPA will create new jobs, raise living standards, and provide wider social and economic opportunities in both nations.
- A new strategic economic agreement is expected to increase bilateral trade in goods to USD 100 billion within five years of the signed agreement and increase trade in services to USD 15 billion.
Important Info :
Economic relations
- The UAE is currently India’s third-largest trading partner with bilateral trade in 2019/2020 valued at USD 59 billion. The UAE is also India’s second-largest export destination after the US, with exports valued at approximately USD 29 billion in 2019-2020.
- India was the UAE’s second-largest trading partner in 2019, with bilateral non-oil trade valued at USD 41 billion.
- The UAE is the eighth-largest investor in India, has invested USD 11 billion between April 2000 and March 2021, while investment by Indian companies in the UAE is estimated to be over USD 85 billion.
Source: PIB
8. NATIONAL SINGLE WINDOW SYSTEM FOR INVESTORS AND BUSINESSES
National Single Window System for Investors and Businesses was launched by Union Minister for Commerce & Industry Piyush Goyal.
About:
- This single window portal will become a one-stop shop for investors for approvals & clearances.
- The portal as of today hosts approvals across 18 Central Departments & 9 States, another 14 Central depts & 5 states will be added by Dec’21.
- This would bring Transparency, Accountability & Responsiveness in the ecosystem and all information will.be available on a single dashboard. An applicant Dashboard would be there to apply, track & respond to queries.
- Services include Know Your Approval (KYA), Common Registration & State Registration Form, Document repository & E-Communication.
Source: PIB
9. HAVANA SYNDROME
A US intelligence officer travelling with CIA director William Burns has reported symptoms of Havana Syndrome while the two were in India earlier this month. This is the first instance of the phenomenon being reported in India, at least on record, and could have diplomatic implications.
What is Havana Syndrome?
- Havana Syndrome refers to a set of mental health symptoms that are said to be experienced by US intelligence and embassy officials in various countries.
- It typically involves symptoms such as hearing certain sounds without any outside noise being present, nausea, vertigo and headaches, memory loss and issues with balance.
- As the name suggests, it traces its roots to Cuba. In late 2016, about a year after the US opened its embassy in Havana, some intelligence officials and members of the staff at the embassy began experiencing sudden bursts of pressure in their brain followed by persistent headaches, feeling of disorientation and insomnia.
- The Havana Syndrome has had a lasting impact on the mental health of some US intelligence officials with at least one officer being compulsorily retired for his inability to coherently discharge his duty and another needing a hearing aid.
- Victims may have been subjected to high-powered microwaves that either damaged or interfered with the nervous system. It was said to have built a pressure inside the brain that generated the feeling of a sound being heard.
Source: Indian Express
10. SAARC
A meeting of foreign ministers from the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) countries, which was set to be held in New York on Saturday, has been cancelled.
About:
- Sources report that the member states were unable to agree upon the participation of Afghanistan, with Pakistan and India in particular at loggerheads over the issue.
- After no consensus could be formed, Nepal, the ‘host’ of the summit, officially cancelled the meeting.
- The Taliban has not been recognised as the official government of Afghanistan by any SAARC countries barring Pakistan. Several top Taliban leaders are blacklisted by the US and/or designated as international terrorists.
- Apart from Pakistan, which has close ties to the Taliban, particularly its violent subgroup, the Haqqani Network, none of the other SAARC members recognises the Taliban, and some, like India, have openly questioned their legitimacy.
Important Info :
Formation of SAARC
- SAARC is a regional inter-governmental organisation of South Asian countries namely, India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Afghanistan joined the bloc in 2007, under its then-President Hamid Karzai.
- SAARC also includes nine formally recognised observers including the European Union, the US, Iran and China.
Source: Indian Express