Constitution Day also known as 'Samvidhan Divas', is celebrated in our country on 26th November every year to commemorate the adoption of the Constitution of India. On 26th November 1949, the Constituent Assembly of India adopted the Constitution of India, which came into effect from 26th January 1950.

The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment on 19th November 2015 notified the decision of Government of India to celebrate the 26th day of November every year as 'Constitution Day' to promote Constitution values among citizens.

CELEBRATIONS

• Constitution Day is not a public holiday.
• Various departments of the Government of India celebrate the Constitution day.
• As per the Department of Education and Literacy, the preamble of the constitution is read in all schools by all students. 
• In addition, there were quiz and essay competitions both online and offline on the subject of the constitution of India.
• There are a lecture on salient features of the constitution in each school.
• The Department of Higher Education requested various universities to arrange mock parliamentary debates in colleges.
• The Ministry of External Affairs directed all overseas Indian schools to celebrate 26 November as Constitution Day.
• Department of Sport arranged symbolic run named “Run for Equality“.

Framing of Constitution:

• In 1934, M N Roy first proposed the idea of a constituent assembly.
• Under the Cabinet Mission plan of 1946, elections were held for the formation of the constituent assembly.
• The Constitution of India is framed by the Constituent Assembly. The Constituent Assembly of India appointed a total of 13 committees to deal with different tasks related to the framing of the constitution.

There were 8 major committees and the rest were minor ones.

The list of major committees and their heads are mentioned below:

1. Drafting Committee – B. R. Ambedkar
2. Union Power Committee – Jawaharlal Nehru
3. Union Constitution Committee – Jawaharlal Nehru
4. Provincial Constitution Committee – Vallabhbhai Patel
5. Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights, Minorities and Tribal and Excluded Areas – Vallabhbhai Patel.
6. Rules of Procedure Committee – Rajendra Prasad
7. States Committee (Committee for Negotiating with States) – Jawaharlal Nehru
8. Steering Committee – Rajendra Prasad

Facts about the Constitution of India:

• World's lengthiest Constitution.
• Federal System with Unitary Features.
• Parliamentary Form of Government.
• The framing of the Constitution took over 2 years, 11 months and 18 days.
• The original copies of the Indian Constitution weren’t typed or printed. They have been handwritten and are now kept in a helium-filled case within the library of the Parliament.
• Prem Bihari Narain Raizada had written the unique copies of the Structure of India.
• Originally, the Constitution of India was written in English and Hindi.
• The basic structure of the Indian Constitution stands on the Government of India Act, 1935.
• The Constitution of India has also borrowed some of its features from a number of countries.