An indicator species is the one whose status provides information on the overall condition of the ecosystem and of other species in that ecosystem. Consider the following species and the indications they show in an ecosystem.

1) Mosses: A. Help indicate acidic soil

2) Lichens: B. Help indicate air pollution

3) Fungi: C. Help indicate old-growth forests where an abundance coarse woody debris exists

Select the correct match using the codes given below.

A phenotype usually results from the interaction of

The pyramid of energy in an ecosystem is always upright because

1)The continuous loss of energy due to metabolic activity puts limits on how much energy is available to higher trophic levels.

2) There is loss of energy at each trophic level in being transferred to the higher trophic level.

Which of the above is/are correct?

With reference to a Biotope, consider the following statements.

1) It is an ecological area that is usually larger than an ecosystem.

2) It is a common practice to isolate biotopes from each other for niche biodiversity propagation.

Which of the above is/are correct?

What do you understand by Ecological footprint?