Consider the following statements about the authors of tawrikhs.

1. They lived mainly in cities.

2. These authors prescribed elitism rather than merit to preserve purity in the royal lineage.

3. They were sharply critical of the Sultans and the bureaucratic establishment.

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Consider the following about Amir Khusrau, who was an iconic figure in the cultural history of the Indian subcontinent.

1. He wrote poetry only in Persian.

2. He is regarded as the "father of qawwali".

3. He rejected Sufism as an unnecessary appendage of Islam.

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Consider the following about the travel accounts of the Geographer Al-Idrisi.

1. He mentions sailing time across the world as two days.

2. He labelled silk found in Quanzhou as the best.

3. As per him, Indian subcontinent was circular in shape.

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With reference to Al-Biruni, consider the following:

1. He travelled to the South Asia and authored a study of Indian culture.

2. Mahmud Ghazni entrusted the writing of Kitab-al Hind to Al-Biruni.

3. He was given the title "founder of Indology".

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With reference to Medieval India, consider the following statements about Babur.

1. He was the founder of the Mughal Empire in India.

2. He wrote his memoirs, Tuzuk-i-Baburi in Turki language.

3. His son, Humanyun, was the first Mughal ruler to use cavalry and artillery in a war.

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